Tabla de absorciones en espectroscopía infrarroja

By German Fernandez, 2 March, 2024
Tipo  de compuestoGrupoAbsorción   AparienciaComentarios
Haluros de ácidoC=O Tensión1815-1785Fuerte 
AlcoholesO-H  Tensión3700-3584Media, agudaLibre
 

O-H

Tensión

3550-3200Fuerte, ampliaCon enlace de hidrógeno intermolecular
 O-H Tensión3200-2700Débil, ampliaCon enlace de hidrógeno intramolecular
 O-H  Flexión1420-1330Media 
aldehydeC-H stretching2830-2695mediumdoublet
 C=O stretching1740-1720strong 
 C-H bending1390-1380medium 
aliphatic etherC-O stretching1150-1085strong 
aliphatic ketoneC=O stretching1725-1705strongor cyclohexanone or cyclopentenone
aliphatic primary amineN-H stretching3400-3300medium 
alkaneC-H stretching3000-2840medium 
 C-H bending1465mediummethylene group
 C-H bending1450mediummethyl group
 C-H bending1385-1380mediumgem dimethyl
 C-H stretching3100-3000medium 
 C=C stretching1678-1668weakdisubstituted (trans)
 C=C stretching1675-1665weaktrisubstituted
 C=C stretching1675-1665weaktetrasubstituted
 C=C stretching1662-1626mediumdisubstituted (cis)
 C=C stretching1658-1648mediumvinylidene
 C=C stretching1648-1638strongmonosubstituted
 C=C bending995-985strongmonosubstituted
 C=C bending980-960strongdisubstituted (trans)
 C=C bending895-885strongvinylidene
 C=C bending840-790mediumtrisubstituted
 C=C bending730-665strongdisubstituted (cis)
alkyl aryl etherC-O stretching1275-1200strong 
alkyneC-H stretching3333-3267strong, sharp 
 CΞC stretching2260-2190weakdisubstituted
 CΞC stretching2140-2100weakmonosubstituted
alleneC=C=C stretching2000-1900medium 
amineN-H bending1650-1580medium 
 C-N stretching1250-1020medium 
amine saltN-H stretching3000-2800strong, broad 
anhydrideC=O stretching1818strong 
 CO-O-CO stretching1050-1040strong, broad 
aromatic amineC-N stretching1342-1266strong 
aromatic compoundC-H bending2000-1650weakovertone
aromatic esterC-O stretching1310-1250strong 
azideN=N=N stretching2160-2120strong 
benzene derivative 700 ± 20  
carbodiimideN=C=N stretching2145-2120strong 
carbon dioxideO=C=O stretching2349strong 
carboxylic acidO-H stretching3300-2500strong, broadusually centered on 3000 cm-1
 C=O stretching1760strongmonomer
 C=O stretching1720-1706strongdimer
 O-H bending1440-1395medium 
conjugated acidC=O stretching1710-1680strongdimer
conjugated acid halideC=O stretching1800-1770strong 
conjugated aldehydeC=O stretching1710-1685strong 
conjugated alkeneC=C stretching1650-1600medium 
conjugated anhydrideC=O stretching1775strong 
conjugated ketoneC=O stretching1685-1666strong 
cyclic alkeneC=C stretching1650-1566medium 
cyclopentanoneC=O stretching1745strong 
esterC-O stretching1210-1163strong 
estersC=O stretching1750-1735strong6-membered lactone
fluoro compoundC-F stretching1400-1000strong 
halo compoundC-Cl stretching850-550strong 
 C-Br stretching690-515strong 
 C-I stretching600-500strong 
imine / oximeC=N stretching1690-1640medium 
isocyanateN=C=O stretching2275-2250strong, broad 
isothiocyanateN=C=S stretching2140-1990strong 
keteneC=C=O stretching2150  
ketenimineC=C=N stretching2000  
monosubstitutedC-H bending750 ± 20strong 
nitrileCΞN stretching2260-2222weak 
nitro compoundN-O stretching1550-1500strong 
none 3330-3250  
none 1870-1540  
none 1750  
none 1720  
none 1372-1290  
none 1375  
none 1370-1365  
none 1200-1185  
none 1204-1177  
none 1195-1168  
none 1170-1155  
none 1165-1150 hydrate: 1230-1120
none 1160-1120  
none 1075-1020  
none 1075-1020  
none 915-905  
none 810 ± 20  
none 780 ± 20  
none (700 ± 20)  
none (700 ± 20)  
phenolO-H bending1390-1310medium 
primary alcoholC-O stretching1085-1050strong 
primary amideC=O stretching1690strongfree (associated: 1650)
 N-H stretching3500medium 
secondary alcoholC-O stretching1124-1087strong 
secondary amideC=O stretching1680strongfree (associated: 1640)
secondary amineN-H stretching3350-3310medium 
sulfateS=O stretching1415-1380strong 
sulfonamideS=O stretching1370-1335strong 
sulfonateS=O stretching1372-1335strong 
sulfoneS=O stretching1350-1300strong 
sulfonic acidS=O stretching1350-1342stronganhydrous
sulfonyl chlorideS=O stretching1410-1380strong 
sulfoxideS=O stretching1070-1030strong 
tertiary alcoholC-O stretching1205-1124strong 
tertiary amideC=O stretching1680strongfree (associated: 1630)
thiocyanateS-CΞN stretching2175-2140strong 
thiolS-H stretching2600-2550weak 
vinyl / phenyl esterC=O stretching1770-1780strong 
vinyl etherC-O stretching1225-1200strong 
α,β-unsaturated esterC=O stretching1730-1715strongor formates
α,β-unsaturated ketoneC=C stretching1620-1610strong 
δ-lactamC=O stretching1650strongγ: 1750-1700 β: 1760-1730
δ-lactoneC=O stretching1750-1735strongγ: 1770
1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted    
1,2,3-trisubstitutedC-H bending780 ± 20strong 
 C-H bending880 ± 20strong 
1,2-disubstitutedC-H bending755 ± 20strong 
 C-H bending880 ± 20strong 
1,4-disubstituted orC-H bending810 ± 20strong